Tribalization is the unification of people

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Solidarity – a pandemic stimulates people and groups to see some common values, goals and unite to achieve them. In this case, the pandemic plays the role of "destiny" and then we get a "nation - society of destiny" (M. Weber). Here, either the state can play a big role, if it can use the pandemic and offer solidarity to society to fight the disease, or civil activists, public groups (as happened in 2003 in Hong Kong, when during the SARS epidemic, activists dissatisfied with the passivity of the government united for joint action)
Polarization is the opposite situation, when a pandemic becomes a trigger for open conflict between two or more social groups, contradictions between which existed before, but in a latent form. Vakhshtayn cites as an example the aggravation of the struggle between Catholics and Protestants in Montreal in 1885 during the smallpox epidemic.
Atomization is the lonely survival of individuals and families. Everyone for themselves. This situation is well described by A. Camus in his book "The Plague".
for mutual assistance based on family ties, and this model most often works in small towns.
There are no studies in this context for Kazakhstan. But let us cell phone number list us hypothesize that there has been no solidarization of society, nor any serious polarization. The life of a significant part of the population, especially in large cities, can be described as atomization at the level of individuals and families. And in medium and small cities, the “tribalization” scenario is more common, which, incidentally, was also observed before the pandemic.

4. Human fears and expectations. 4 types of perception and behavior in a pandemic

It was important for us to understand the pandemic situation not only at the level of the country, the entire population, the economy, but also at the level of individual perception and behavior . How does a person experience this unusual time from the inside, what are they afraid of, how do they behave, what changes in them?

To solve this problem, we used an online forum with respondents who represented the middle and working class segment of the population , who were quite prosperous before the pandemic, had jobs, and were financially secure.

And based on detailed answers about their experiences, fears, desires, hopes, we built 4 psychological portraits that can be considered types by perception of the pandemic situation and by the way of behavior in it. To build holistic images, we also used interviews with experts, our own experience and observations.